Which event led to the development of the West Virginia coal industry in the 20th century?

The development of the West Virginia coal industry in the 20th century was significantly influenced by the industrial revolution. This period, which began in the late 18th century and continued into the 19th century, marked a shift from agrarian economies to industrialized ones, leading to an increased demand for coal as a primary energy source for factories, steam engines, and transportation.

As industries flourished, the need for coal to power machinery and provide energy for emerging technologies became critical. West Virginia, with its rich deposits of high-quality bituminous coal, was well-positioned to meet this growing need, resulting in the establishment and expansion of a robust coal industry. This industrial growth not only stimulated economic development in the region but also attracted a workforce and spurred infrastructure development, further entrenching coal mining as a foundational industry in West Virginia's economy.

The other events mentioned played roles in West Virginia's history, but they did not drive the coal industry's growth in the same direct manner as the industrial revolution did. For instance, while the Great Depression had an impact on the economy, it was a downturn rather than a catalyst for industry growth. The Civil War influenced the region politically and socially but did not specifically contribute to the expansion of coal mining.